Which statement accurately describes virtualization components—Hypervisors, Application Virtualization, and Containers?

• A. Hypervisors run VMs; Application Virtualization isolates apps; Containers share the OS kernel and run isolated user-space instances.
• B. Hypervisors run VMs; Application Virtualization shares the kernel; Containers run without isolation.
• C. Hypervisors isolate networks; Application Virtualization runs on bare metal; Containers replace VMs.
• D. Hypervisors run VMs; Application Virtualization isolates apps; Containers share the OS kernel.

Answer: (D)

The main idea is how each technology provides isolation and what it sits on top of. Hypervisors create full virtual machines by abstracting the hardware, so each VM runs its own guest OS on top of the hypervisor. Application Virtualization isolates individual applications at the software level, letting them run on the same host OS without interfering with one another. Containers, on the other hand, run multiple isolated user-space instances that share the same host OS kernel, providing lightweight isolation while not requiring separate kernels for each container.

This is why the statement is the best fit: hypervisors run VMs, applications can be isolated at the app layer, and containers share the host OS kernel while giving each container its own isolated user space. The other descriptions misstate how containers provide isolation (they do not run without isolation) or how app virtualization interacts with the kernel, and they mischaracterize what hypervisors do.